IGF-1R

亜型選択性的な製品

シグナル伝達経路

IGF-1Rシグナル伝達経路

IGF-1R製品

  • All (31)
  • IGF-1R阻害剤 (21)
  • IGF-1R抗体(6)
  • IGF-1R拮抗剤(1)
  • IGF-1Rモジュレータ(2)
  • 新製品
製品コード 製品名称 製品説明 文献中Selleckの製品使用例 お客様のフィードバック
S1091 Linsitinib (OSI-906) Linsitinib (OSI-906) is a selective inhibitor of IGF-1R with IC50 of 35 nM in cell-free assays; modestly potent to InsR with IC50 of 75 nM, and no activity towards Abl, ALK, BTK, EGFR, FGFR1/2, PKA etc. Phase 3.
Nat Commun, 2024, 15(1):6525
Nat Commun, 2024, 15(1):828
Dev Cell, 2024, 59(3):326-338.e5
S7083 Ceritinib Ceritinib is a potent inhibitor against ALK with IC50 of 0.2 nM in cell-free assays. Ceritinib (LDK378) also inhibits IGF-1R, InsR, STK22D and FLT3 with IC50 of 8 nM, 7 nM, 23 nM and 60 nM, respectively. Phase 3.
Cancer Discov, 2024, OF1-OF20.
Nat Commun, 2024, 15(1):51
Commun Biol, 2024, 7(1):412
S1069 Luminespib (NVP-AUY922) Luminespib (AUY-922, NVP-AUY922, VER-52296) is a highly potent HSP90 inhibitor for HSP90α/β with IC50 of 13 nM /21 nM in cell-free assays, weaker potency against the HSP90 family members GRP94 and TRAP-1, exhibits the tightest binding of any small-molecule HSP90 ligand. Luminespib (AUY-922, NVP-AUY922) effectively downregulates and destabilizes the IGF-1Rβ protein and results in growth inhibition, autophagy and apoptosis. Phase 2.
Cell Commun Signal, 2024, 22(1):397
Sci Adv, 2024, 10(8):eadk3663
bioRxiv, 2024, 10.1101/2024.01.16.575190
S1034 NVP-AEW541 NVP-AEW541 is a potent inhibitor of IGF-1R/InsR with IC50 of 150 nM/140 nM in cell-free assays, greater potency and selectivity for IGF-1R in a cell-based assay.
Acta Pharm Sin B, 2023, 13(9):3744-3755
Acta Pharm Sin B, 2023, 13(9):3744-3755
Nature, 2022, 604(7905):354-361
S1124 BMS-754807 BMS-754807 is a potent and reversible inhibitor of IGF-1R/InsR with IC50 of 1.8 nM/1.7 nM in cell-free assays, less potent to Met (c-Met), Aurora A/B, TrkA/B and Ron, and shows little activity to Flt3, Lck, MK2, PKA, PKC etc. Phase 2.
Front Cell Neurosci, 2024, 18:1441827
Mol Neurodegener, 2023, 18(1):31
Mol Neurodegener, 2023, 18(1):31
S7668 Picropodophyllin (PPP) Picropodophyllin (PPP, AXL1717) is a IGF-1R inhibitor with IC50 of 1 nM. It displays selectivity for IGF-1R and does not coinhibit tyrosine phosphorylation the IR, or of a selected panel of receptors less related to IGF-IR(FGF-R, PDGF-R, OR EGF-R). Picropodophyllin (PPP) induces apoptosis with antineoplastic activity.
Bone Res, 2023, 11(1):20
Bone Res, 2023, 11(1):20
Cell Rep, 2023, 42(8):112984
S8229 Brigatinib Brigatinib is a potent and selective ALK (IC50, 0.6 nM) and ROS1 (IC50, 0.9 nM) inhibitor. It also inhibits IGF-1R, FLT3, and mutant variants of FLT3 (D835Y) and EGFR with lower potentcy.
Cancer Discov, 2024, OF1-OF20.
Commun Biol, 2024, 7(1):412
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):8200
S1093 GSK1904529A GSK1904529A (GSK 4529) is a selective inhibitor of IGF-1R and IR with IC50 of 27 nM and 25 nM in cell-free assays, >100-fold more selective for IGF-1R/InsR than Akt1/2, Aurora A/B,B-Raf, CDK2, EGFR etc.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2024, 17(2)197
J Neurooncol, 2023, 162(1):109-118.
PLoS One, 2023, 18(2):e0277308
S1012 BMS-536924 BMS-536924 (CS-0117) is an ATP-competitive IGF-1R/IR inhibitor with IC50 of 100 nM/73 nM, modest activity for Mek, Fak, and Lck with very little activity for Akt1, MAPK1/2.
Cancers -Basel), 2023, 15(19)4772
Cell Discov, 2022, 8(1):95
Nat Commun, 2022, 13(1):6345
S1234 AG-1024 AG-1024 (Tyrphostin, AGS 200) inhibits IGF-1R autophosphorylation with IC50 of 7 μM, is less potent to IR with IC50 of 57 μM and specifically distinguishes between InsR and IGF-1R (as compared to other tyrphostins).
EMBO Rep, 2023, 24(7):e56937
Nat Biotechnol, 2022, 10.1038/s41587-022-01386-z
Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2022, 15(2)241
S1088 NVP-ADW742 NVP-ADW742 (GSK 552602A) is an IGF-1R inhibitor with IC50 of 0.17 μM, >16-fold more potent against IGF-1R than InsR; little activity to HER2, PDGFR, VEGFR-2, Bcr-Abl and c-Kit.
Front Cell Dev Biol, 2023, 11:1142586
Cancers -Basel), 2023, 15(19)4772
Cancer Cell, 2022, S1535-6108(22)00312-9
S2703 GSK1838705A GSK1838705A is a potent IGF-1R inhibitor with IC50 of 2.0 nM, modestly potent to IR and ALK with IC50 of 1.6 nM and 0.5 nM, respectively, and little activity to other protein kinases.
Sci Signal, 2022, 15(747):eabj5879
Cancer Cell, 2021, S1535-6108(21)00383-4
J Invest Dermatol, 2020, 3 pii: S0022-202X(20)31407-X
S4967 Ceritinib dihydrochloride Ceritinib (Zykadia, LDK378) dihydrochloride is a selective, orally bioavailable and ATP-competitive inhibitor of ALK with IC50 of 0.2 nM. Ceritinib dihydrochloride also inhibits InsR, IGF-1R and STK22D with IC50 of 7 nM, 8 nM and 23 nM, respectively. Ceritinib exhibits antitomor activity.
Exp Mol Med, 2022, 54(8):1225-1235
Cancer Res, 2022, 82(2):307-319
NPJ Precis Oncol, 2022, 6(1):11
S8228 NT157 NT157, a selective inhibitor of IRS-1/2(insulin receptor substrate), has the potential to inhibit IGF-1R and STAT3 signaling pathways in cancer cells and stroma cells of TME leading to a decrease in cancer cell survival.
Eur J Cell Biol, 2024, 103(4):151457
Breast Cancer Res, 2023, 25(1):84
Breast Cancer Res, 2023, 25(1):84
S7106 AZD3463 AZD3463 is a novel orally bioavailable ALK inhibitor with Ki of 0.75 nM, which also inhibits IGF1R with equivalent potency. AZD3463 suppresses cell viability by inducing both cell apoptosis and autophagy.
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):8200
bioRxiv, 2023, 10.1101/2023.12.19.572304
Burns Trauma, 2020, 8:tkaa025
S8003 PQ 401 PQ401 inhibits autophosphorylation of IGF-1R domain with IC50 of <1 μM.
Acta Pharmacol Sin, 2018, 39(12):1894-1901
J Chemother, 2016, 28(1):44-9
Lung Cancer, 2015, 90(2):175-81
S3984 Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a phenolic antioxidant found in the leaves and twigs of the evergreen desert shrub, Larrea tridentata (Sesse and Moc. ex DC) Coville (creosote bush). It is a recognized inhibitor of lipoxygenase (LOX) and has antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a cytotoxic insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-1R)/HER2 inhibitor and induces apoptosis. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) inhibits p300 and activates autophagy. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) protects cells from ferroptosis.
E2459 Ginsenoside Rg5 Ginsenoside Rg5, the main component of Red ginseng, blocks binding of IGF-1 to its receptor with an IC50 of ~90 nM. Ginsenoside Rg5 also inhibits the mRNA expression of COX-2 via suppression of the DNA binding activities of NF-κB p65.
E0794 MID-1 MID-1 is a disruptor of MG53-IRS-1 (Mitsugumin 53-insulin receptor substrate-1) interaction, which can disrupts molecular association of MG53 with IRS-1 and abolishes MG53-induced IRS-1 ubiquitination and degradation in skeletal muscle, leading to elevated IRS-1 expression level and increased insulin signaling and glucose uptake.
A2455 Teprotumumab (Anti-IGF-1R / CD221) Teprotumumab (Anti-IGF-1R / CD221) is an IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) blocking human monoclonal antibody. Teprotumumab binds to the ligand binding extracellular α-subunit domain of IGF-1R. Teprotumumab inhibits TSH and IGF-1 action in fibrocytes. Teprotumumab can be used for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy research.MW: 145.5 KD.
A2456 Ganitumab (Anti-IGF-1R / CD221) Ganitumab (Anti-IGF-1R / CD221) is a recombinant human monoclonal antibody to the human type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R). Ganitumab recognizes murine IGF1R with sub-nanomolar affinity (KD=0.22 nM) and inhibits the interaction of murine IGF1R with IGF1 and IGF2. MW: 145.5 KD.
A2457 Xentuzumab (Anti-IGF-1) Xentuzumab (Anti-IGF-1) is a recombinant a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IGF ligands IGF-1 and IGF-2. Xentuzumab inhibits both of IGF-1 and IGF-2 growth-promoting signalling and suppresses AKT activation. MW: 145.5 KD.
A2926 Lonigutamab (Anti-IGF1R / CD221) Lonigutamab (hz208F2-4) is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with the potential to treat thyroid eye disease (TED). MW: 146.26 KD.
A2942 Figitumumab (Anti-IGF1R / CD221) Figitumumab (Anti-IGF1R / CD221) is a human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor type I receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Figitumumab prevents IGF1 from binding to IGF1R with an IC50 of 1.8 nM. MW: 146.0 KD.
A2945 Anti-IGF2 (DX-2647) Anti-IGF2 (DX-2647) is a human monoclonal antibody against insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) with anti-tumor  and anti-proliferative activities. MW: 145.78 KD.
S7453 MSDC-0160 MSDC-0160 is a prototype mTOT-modulating insulin sensitizer being studied to treat diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Phase 2.
E0939 Insulin Degludec Insulin degludec is an acylated basal insulin with a unique mechanism of protracted absorption involving the formation of a depot of soluble multihexamer chains after subcutaneous injection, shows a very long duration of action, with a half-life exceeding 25 h in PK/PD studies.
S6443 Chromium picolinate Chromium picolinate is a coordination complex consisting of chromium(III) and picolinic acid. It is used as a nutritional supplement for optimal insulin function in patients with Type 2 diabetes or promotion of weight loss.
S3187 SBI-477 SBI-477 is an insulin signaling inhibitor that deactivates the transcription factor MondoA, leading to reduced expression of the insulin pathway suppressors thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and arrestin domain-containing 4 (ARRDC4). SBI-477 inhibits triacylglyceride (TAG) synthesis and enhances basal glucose uptake in human skeletal myocytes.
S6922 S961 S961 is a biosynthetic insulin receptor antagonist that inhibits cellular proliferation and colony formation in breast tumour cells.
J Neuroendocrinol, 2024, e13446.
S1272 XL228 XL228 is a protein kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 5 nM, 1.4 nM, 3.1 nM, 1.6 nM, 6.1 nM and 2 nM for wild-type ABL kinase, ABL T315I, Aurora A, IGF-1R, SRC and LYN, respectively.
S1091 Linsitinib (OSI-906) Linsitinib (OSI-906) is a selective inhibitor of IGF-1R with IC50 of 35 nM in cell-free assays; modestly potent to InsR with IC50 of 75 nM, and no activity towards Abl, ALK, BTK, EGFR, FGFR1/2, PKA etc. Phase 3.
Nat Commun, 2024, 15(1):6525
Nat Commun, 2024, 15(1):828
Dev Cell, 2024, 59(3):326-338.e5
S7083 Ceritinib Ceritinib is a potent inhibitor against ALK with IC50 of 0.2 nM in cell-free assays. Ceritinib (LDK378) also inhibits IGF-1R, InsR, STK22D and FLT3 with IC50 of 8 nM, 7 nM, 23 nM and 60 nM, respectively. Phase 3.
Cancer Discov, 2024, OF1-OF20.
Nat Commun, 2024, 15(1):51
Commun Biol, 2024, 7(1):412
S1069 Luminespib (NVP-AUY922) Luminespib (AUY-922, NVP-AUY922, VER-52296) is a highly potent HSP90 inhibitor for HSP90α/β with IC50 of 13 nM /21 nM in cell-free assays, weaker potency against the HSP90 family members GRP94 and TRAP-1, exhibits the tightest binding of any small-molecule HSP90 ligand. Luminespib (AUY-922, NVP-AUY922) effectively downregulates and destabilizes the IGF-1Rβ protein and results in growth inhibition, autophagy and apoptosis. Phase 2.
Cell Commun Signal, 2024, 22(1):397
Sci Adv, 2024, 10(8):eadk3663
bioRxiv, 2024, 10.1101/2024.01.16.575190
S1034 NVP-AEW541 NVP-AEW541 is a potent inhibitor of IGF-1R/InsR with IC50 of 150 nM/140 nM in cell-free assays, greater potency and selectivity for IGF-1R in a cell-based assay.
Acta Pharm Sin B, 2023, 13(9):3744-3755
Acta Pharm Sin B, 2023, 13(9):3744-3755
Nature, 2022, 604(7905):354-361
S1124 BMS-754807 BMS-754807 is a potent and reversible inhibitor of IGF-1R/InsR with IC50 of 1.8 nM/1.7 nM in cell-free assays, less potent to Met (c-Met), Aurora A/B, TrkA/B and Ron, and shows little activity to Flt3, Lck, MK2, PKA, PKC etc. Phase 2.
Front Cell Neurosci, 2024, 18:1441827
Mol Neurodegener, 2023, 18(1):31
Mol Neurodegener, 2023, 18(1):31
S7668 Picropodophyllin (PPP) Picropodophyllin (PPP, AXL1717) is a IGF-1R inhibitor with IC50 of 1 nM. It displays selectivity for IGF-1R and does not coinhibit tyrosine phosphorylation the IR, or of a selected panel of receptors less related to IGF-IR(FGF-R, PDGF-R, OR EGF-R). Picropodophyllin (PPP) induces apoptosis with antineoplastic activity.
Bone Res, 2023, 11(1):20
Bone Res, 2023, 11(1):20
Cell Rep, 2023, 42(8):112984
S8229 Brigatinib Brigatinib is a potent and selective ALK (IC50, 0.6 nM) and ROS1 (IC50, 0.9 nM) inhibitor. It also inhibits IGF-1R, FLT3, and mutant variants of FLT3 (D835Y) and EGFR with lower potentcy.
Cancer Discov, 2024, OF1-OF20.
Commun Biol, 2024, 7(1):412
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):8200
S1093 GSK1904529A GSK1904529A (GSK 4529) is a selective inhibitor of IGF-1R and IR with IC50 of 27 nM and 25 nM in cell-free assays, >100-fold more selective for IGF-1R/InsR than Akt1/2, Aurora A/B,B-Raf, CDK2, EGFR etc.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2024, 17(2)197
J Neurooncol, 2023, 162(1):109-118.
PLoS One, 2023, 18(2):e0277308
S1012 BMS-536924 BMS-536924 (CS-0117) is an ATP-competitive IGF-1R/IR inhibitor with IC50 of 100 nM/73 nM, modest activity for Mek, Fak, and Lck with very little activity for Akt1, MAPK1/2.
Cancers -Basel), 2023, 15(19)4772
Cell Discov, 2022, 8(1):95
Nat Commun, 2022, 13(1):6345
S1234 AG-1024 AG-1024 (Tyrphostin, AGS 200) inhibits IGF-1R autophosphorylation with IC50 of 7 μM, is less potent to IR with IC50 of 57 μM and specifically distinguishes between InsR and IGF-1R (as compared to other tyrphostins).
EMBO Rep, 2023, 24(7):e56937
Nat Biotechnol, 2022, 10.1038/s41587-022-01386-z
Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2022, 15(2)241
S1088 NVP-ADW742 NVP-ADW742 (GSK 552602A) is an IGF-1R inhibitor with IC50 of 0.17 μM, >16-fold more potent against IGF-1R than InsR; little activity to HER2, PDGFR, VEGFR-2, Bcr-Abl and c-Kit.
Front Cell Dev Biol, 2023, 11:1142586
Cancers -Basel), 2023, 15(19)4772
Cancer Cell, 2022, S1535-6108(22)00312-9
S2703 GSK1838705A GSK1838705A is a potent IGF-1R inhibitor with IC50 of 2.0 nM, modestly potent to IR and ALK with IC50 of 1.6 nM and 0.5 nM, respectively, and little activity to other protein kinases.
Sci Signal, 2022, 15(747):eabj5879
Cancer Cell, 2021, S1535-6108(21)00383-4
J Invest Dermatol, 2020, 3 pii: S0022-202X(20)31407-X
S4967 Ceritinib dihydrochloride Ceritinib (Zykadia, LDK378) dihydrochloride is a selective, orally bioavailable and ATP-competitive inhibitor of ALK with IC50 of 0.2 nM. Ceritinib dihydrochloride also inhibits InsR, IGF-1R and STK22D with IC50 of 7 nM, 8 nM and 23 nM, respectively. Ceritinib exhibits antitomor activity.
Exp Mol Med, 2022, 54(8):1225-1235
Cancer Res, 2022, 82(2):307-319
NPJ Precis Oncol, 2022, 6(1):11
S8228 NT157 NT157, a selective inhibitor of IRS-1/2(insulin receptor substrate), has the potential to inhibit IGF-1R and STAT3 signaling pathways in cancer cells and stroma cells of TME leading to a decrease in cancer cell survival.
Eur J Cell Biol, 2024, 103(4):151457
Breast Cancer Res, 2023, 25(1):84
Breast Cancer Res, 2023, 25(1):84
S7106 AZD3463 AZD3463 is a novel orally bioavailable ALK inhibitor with Ki of 0.75 nM, which also inhibits IGF1R with equivalent potency. AZD3463 suppresses cell viability by inducing both cell apoptosis and autophagy.
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):8200
bioRxiv, 2023, 10.1101/2023.12.19.572304
Burns Trauma, 2020, 8:tkaa025
S8003 PQ 401 PQ401 inhibits autophosphorylation of IGF-1R domain with IC50 of <1 μM.
Acta Pharmacol Sin, 2018, 39(12):1894-1901
J Chemother, 2016, 28(1):44-9
Lung Cancer, 2015, 90(2):175-81
S3984 Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a phenolic antioxidant found in the leaves and twigs of the evergreen desert shrub, Larrea tridentata (Sesse and Moc. ex DC) Coville (creosote bush). It is a recognized inhibitor of lipoxygenase (LOX) and has antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a cytotoxic insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-1R)/HER2 inhibitor and induces apoptosis. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) inhibits p300 and activates autophagy. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) protects cells from ferroptosis.
E2459 Ginsenoside Rg5 Ginsenoside Rg5, the main component of Red ginseng, blocks binding of IGF-1 to its receptor with an IC50 of ~90 nM. Ginsenoside Rg5 also inhibits the mRNA expression of COX-2 via suppression of the DNA binding activities of NF-κB p65.
E0794 MID-1 MID-1 is a disruptor of MG53-IRS-1 (Mitsugumin 53-insulin receptor substrate-1) interaction, which can disrupts molecular association of MG53 with IRS-1 and abolishes MG53-induced IRS-1 ubiquitination and degradation in skeletal muscle, leading to elevated IRS-1 expression level and increased insulin signaling and glucose uptake.
S3187 SBI-477 SBI-477 is an insulin signaling inhibitor that deactivates the transcription factor MondoA, leading to reduced expression of the insulin pathway suppressors thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and arrestin domain-containing 4 (ARRDC4). SBI-477 inhibits triacylglyceride (TAG) synthesis and enhances basal glucose uptake in human skeletal myocytes.
S1272 XL228 XL228 is a protein kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 5 nM, 1.4 nM, 3.1 nM, 1.6 nM, 6.1 nM and 2 nM for wild-type ABL kinase, ABL T315I, Aurora A, IGF-1R, SRC and LYN, respectively.
A2455 Teprotumumab (Anti-IGF-1R / CD221) Teprotumumab (Anti-IGF-1R / CD221) is an IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) blocking human monoclonal antibody. Teprotumumab binds to the ligand binding extracellular α-subunit domain of IGF-1R. Teprotumumab inhibits TSH and IGF-1 action in fibrocytes. Teprotumumab can be used for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy research.MW: 145.5 KD.
A2456 Ganitumab (Anti-IGF-1R / CD221) Ganitumab (Anti-IGF-1R / CD221) is a recombinant human monoclonal antibody to the human type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R). Ganitumab recognizes murine IGF1R with sub-nanomolar affinity (KD=0.22 nM) and inhibits the interaction of murine IGF1R with IGF1 and IGF2. MW: 145.5 KD.
A2457 Xentuzumab (Anti-IGF-1) Xentuzumab (Anti-IGF-1) is a recombinant a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IGF ligands IGF-1 and IGF-2. Xentuzumab inhibits both of IGF-1 and IGF-2 growth-promoting signalling and suppresses AKT activation. MW: 145.5 KD.
A2926 Lonigutamab (Anti-IGF1R / CD221) Lonigutamab (hz208F2-4) is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with the potential to treat thyroid eye disease (TED). MW: 146.26 KD.
A2942 Figitumumab (Anti-IGF1R / CD221) Figitumumab (Anti-IGF1R / CD221) is a human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor type I receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Figitumumab prevents IGF1 from binding to IGF1R with an IC50 of 1.8 nM. MW: 146.0 KD.
A2945 Anti-IGF2 (DX-2647) Anti-IGF2 (DX-2647) is a human monoclonal antibody against insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) with anti-tumor  and anti-proliferative activities. MW: 145.78 KD.
S6922 S961 S961 is a biosynthetic insulin receptor antagonist that inhibits cellular proliferation and colony formation in breast tumour cells.
J Neuroendocrinol, 2024, e13446.
S7453 MSDC-0160 MSDC-0160 is a prototype mTOT-modulating insulin sensitizer being studied to treat diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Phase 2.
E0939 Insulin Degludec Insulin degludec is an acylated basal insulin with a unique mechanism of protracted absorption involving the formation of a depot of soluble multihexamer chains after subcutaneous injection, shows a very long duration of action, with a half-life exceeding 25 h in PK/PD studies.

IGF-1R阻害剤の選択性比較

Tags: IGF-1R pathway | IGF-1R cancer | IGF-1R signaling | IGF-1R pathway | IGF-1R phosphorylation | IGF-1 receptor signaling | IGF-1R signaling pathway | IGF-1 receptor signaling pathway | IGF-1R inhibitor review