Cutamesine Dihydrochloride

SA 4503 has weak binding affinities for sigma 1 adrenergic, dopamine D, serotonin (5-HT)1A, 5-HT2, histamine H, muscarinic M1, and muscarinic M2 receptors at a concentration of 10 μM. GTP weaks SA 4503-induced inhibition of (+)-[³H]pentazocine binding in rat brain membranes. SA 4503 inhibits specific (+)-[³H]pentazocine binding in a competitive manner. ^[1]

SA 4503 (0.03 mg/kg-1 mg/kg s.c.) attenuates the dizocilpine (0.15 mg/kg i.p.) and L-NAME (100 mg/kg i.p.)-induced memory deficits following a bell-shaped curve in both the Y-maze for spatial working memory and step-down type passive avoidance test in mice. Progesterone (2 mg/kg s.c.) blocks the SA 4503 effects in the dizocilpine- and L-NAME-amnesia models, in accordance with the purported neurosteroids/sigma1 receptors interaction. ^[2] SA 4503 (100 nM-300 nM) increases the electrically evoked release of acetylcholine in hippocampal but not striatal slices of rats. Concentrations below 100 nM does not alter the electrically evoked release of acetylcholine in either brain area. ^[3] SA 4503 (1 mg/kg i.p. bid) produces a significant decrease and increase in the number of spontaneously active SNC and VTA DA neurons in rats. SA 4503 (1 mg/kg i.p. repeat ) produces a significant increase in the number of spontaneously active VTA DA neurons. The repeated administration of SA 4503 produces a greater alteration of the firing pattern of spontaneously active VTA compared to SNC DA neurons. ^[4] Repeated treatment with SA 4503 (0.3 mg/kg) ameliorates the behavioral deficits in olfactory bulbectomized rats resembling depression symptoms in the open-field test, sexual behavior test, and cued and contextual fear-conditioning test. SA 4503 displays advantages over desipramine in the sexual behavior test. SA 4503 also reverses the decrease in the protein expression of NMDA receptor subunit (NR)1, but not NR2A or NR2B, in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala of olfactory bulbectomized rats. ^[5]